৩০ তম বিসিএস লিখিত || 2011

Translate into Bangla:

Knowledge is called by the name of science or philosophy, when it is acted upon or impregnated by reason. Knowledge, indeed, when thus exalted into a scentific form is also power; not only it is excellent in itself, but whatever such excellence may be, it is something more. It has a result beyond itself. There are two ways of using knowledge and in matter of fact those who use it in one way are not likely to use it in the other. Then there are two methods of Education; the end of the one is to be philosophical, of the other to be mechanical; the one rises towards general ideas, the other is exhausted upon what is particular and external. And knowledge if tends more and more to be particular, ceases to be knowledge. It is not the brute creation or passive sensation, rather something intellectual that expresses itself.

Translate into English:

2.

দূষণের যে রূপটি থেকে আমরা নগরবাসীরা কেউ মুক্ত নই তা হচ্ছে বায়ুদূষণ ও শব্দ দূষণ। দূষিত বায়ু সেবন অনেক বেশি সংখ্যক রােগব্যাধির জন্য দায়ী। যানবাহনজনিত পরিবেশ দূষণের সঙ্গে ওতপ্রােতভাবে জড়িয়ে আছে শব্দ দূষণের বিষয়টি। এটি শিশুদের শারীরিক ও মানসিক গঠন বাধাগ্রস্ত করে, কমিয়ে দেয় শ্রবণশক্তি। এর পরােক্ষ প্রভাবে তাদের মস্তিষ্কের ভারসাম্য রক্ষার স্থায়ী ক্ষতি হয়। প্রাপ্তবয়স্ক নাগরিকের অন্দ্রিা, বিরক্তি, দুশ্চিন্তা ও হৃদরােগের পিছনে রয়েছে শব্দ দূষণের প্রত্যক্ষ প্রভাব। বিপুল জনগােষ্ঠীর সচেতনতা এবং সরকারি উদ্যোগ ও সুধু তদারকি থাকলে আমাদের আশাবাদী হতে দোষ নেই।

Amplify the idea in one of the following:

3.

A rolling stone gathers no moss;

Amplify the idea in one of the following:

4.

A thing of beauty is a joy forever,

Amplify the idea in one of the following:

5.

We live in deeds not in years;

Write a précis of the following passage:

6.

In ancient times people in Rome, Greece and Scandinavia believed that gods controlled their lives and all of nature. They tried to keep their gods happy by giving them gifts. When there were natural disasters, people thought that the gods were angry with them, so they tried to make the gods happy again. This is how we got the idea that we could affect our fate by certain actions. Many superstitions have been held by people for centuries. Yet there is little need for them today, since people in many parts of the world don't believe that there are a lot of gods. We no longer try to make the gods happy with gifts or to keep them from anger with certain actions. Somehow, though, many of the actions continue in modern times. We still have our superstitions. In ancient times, people thought that their gods lived on the tops of mountains. They therefore believed that anything above them was nearer to their gods than they. Naturally, they thought that birds were messengers from the gods. People also believed that birds carried their souls to the gods when they died. People still have these superstitions.